What is the nature of talmudic stories about minim and their interactions with rabbinic figures? Are these literary depictions of actual historical polemics, or are they merely Jewish rabbinic fantasies meant to ridicule the “other”? Are they something else entirely? This question, I believe, has fundamental ramifications for both historical research into Jewish-Christian interactions in Late Antiquity and the literary study of the composition of the talmudic corpora.